Crimean War Memorials in St. Paul Cathedral
1. CRIMEAN WAR CAVALRY MEMORIAL
South nave vestibule
2. COLDSTREAM GUARDS MEMORIAL FOR THOSE “WHO FELL AT INKERMANN ON THE
5 NOVEMBER 1854"
South nave vestibule
3. CRIMEAN WAR MEMORIAL TO THE 77TH EAST MIDDLESEX REGIMENT
North transept
The regiment was raised by General James Marsh as 77th (Hindoostan) Regiment of Foot in October 1787. It went to India soon after its formation where it remained for 19 years.
In 1807 the 77th returned to England and was granted the county association for East Middlesex, becoming the 77th (East Middlesex) Regiment.
After having participated in several battles over the years he was sent to Istanbul in April 1854. He took part in the Battle of Alma in September 1854, in the Battle of Inkerman in November 1854 and in the Siege of Sevastopol in winter 1854.
Sergeant John Park and Private Alexander Wright were awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions during the Crimean war.
The regiment returned home in July 1856.
4. EDMUND LORD LYONS ADMIRAL MEMORIAL
South Transept West Aisle
5. MEMORIAL FOR CAPTAIN EDWARD MOWBRAY LYONS
Third bay from west, South nave aisle
6. MONUMENT TO CAPTAIN HENRY LANGHORNE THOMPSON
Crypta
Henry Langhorne Thompson (1829–1856), was born at Clumber Park, on 21 September 1829.
On 20 Aug. 1846 he was appointed to the 68th Bengal native infantry, and on 12 Feb. 1850 was promoted lieutenant. He took part in the second Burmese war in 1852 and 1853 and he received the Pegu medal.
In 1854 he volunteered in the Turkish army, received the rank of major, and, after visiting the Crimea, arrived to Kars in March 1855. Under the command of Colonel Williams (afterwards Sir William Fenwick Williams) he gave important assistance in strengthening the fortifications of the city. He distinguished himself in repelling the Russian assault on 29 Sept., crushing the Russian columns by his fire.
His bravery won the admiration of the besiegers, and, on the surrender of Kars in November, Mouravieff, the Russian commander, returned him his sword.
On 9 November he was appointed captain unattached in the British army; on 7 February 1856 he received the third class of the Turkish order of Medijie; and on 10 May was nominated an honorary C.B. He died on 13 June 1856, immediately after his return from Russia, where he had been detained a prisoner of war.
This mural tablet was erected to his memory in St. Paul's Cathedral by public subscription.
7. MEMORIAL FOR MAJOR GENERAL SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY TORRENS
North nave aisle, second bay from west
Sculpted marble wall panel carved in high relief with a battle scene. In the center Torrens is shown in them midst of battle on horseback. In the left and right are groups of soldiers with bayonets. At the lower left is a slain man on a riverbank on which is the memorial inscription.
Sir Arthur Wellesley Torrens (1809–1855) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. He reached the rank of major-general.
Torrens passed through the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and became lieutenant on 14 April 1825.
In the Crimean War, Torrens was nominated a brigadier-general to command an infantry brigade. He joined the 4th Infantry Division under Sir George Cathcart at Varna. He was at the head of his brigade both at the Battle of Alma and at the Battle of Balaklava. On the morning of 5 November 1854, at the Battle of Inkermann, under the direction of Cathcart, he attacked the left flank of the Russian forces, his horse falling under him, pierced by five bullets, and was praised by Cathcart just before his mortal wound. He was struck by a bullet that passed through his body, injured a lung and splintered a rib.
Torrens was invalided home. He received the Crimea medal and clasp, the thanks of Parliament, was promoted to be a major-general for distinguished service in the field on 12 December 1854.
On 2 April 1855 Torrens was appointed deputy quartermaster-general at headquarters, and on 25 June the same year was sent as a major-general on the staff to Paris as British military commissioner; but his health broke down, and he died in Paris on 24 August 1855. He was buried in the cemetery of Père-Lachaise.
8. MEMORIAL TO FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Nelson Chamber's East Bay of the crypt
It is a sculpted marble and alabaster wall memorial with relief of Florence Nightingale holding a glass of water at her right hand and tilted over a bedridden wounded soldier with bandaged head. This memorial is the work of the famous English sculptor and painter Arthur George Walker (1861-1939) and was created in 1916. A G Walker was a Royal Academician (R.A.).
At the top of the alabaster frame, there is the following inscription;
BLESSED ARE THE MERCIFUL
This is not her tomb as she was buried in her family tomb in East Wellow, Hampshire
South nave vestibule
2. COLDSTREAM GUARDS MEMORIAL FOR THOSE “WHO FELL AT INKERMANN ON THE
5 NOVEMBER 1854"
South nave vestibule
The Coldstream Guards is a part of the Guards Division, Foot Guards regiments of the British Army.
It is the oldest regiment in the Regular Army in continuous active service originating in Coldstream, Scotland in 1650 when General George Monck founded the regiment.
During the Crimean War, the Coldstream Regiment fought in the battles of Alma, Inkerman and Sevastopol. On its return, four men of the regiment were awarded the newly instituted Victoria Cross.
The regiment received its current name, The Coldstream Guards, in 1855.
It is the oldest regiment in the Regular Army in continuous active service originating in Coldstream, Scotland in 1650 when General George Monck founded the regiment.
During the Crimean War, the Coldstream Regiment fought in the battles of Alma, Inkerman and Sevastopol. On its return, four men of the regiment were awarded the newly instituted Victoria Cross.
The regiment received its current name, The Coldstream Guards, in 1855.
3. CRIMEAN WAR MEMORIAL TO THE 77TH EAST MIDDLESEX REGIMENT
North transept
The regiment was raised by General James Marsh as 77th (Hindoostan) Regiment of Foot in October 1787. It went to India soon after its formation where it remained for 19 years.
In 1807 the 77th returned to England and was granted the county association for East Middlesex, becoming the 77th (East Middlesex) Regiment.
After having participated in several battles over the years he was sent to Istanbul in April 1854. He took part in the Battle of Alma in September 1854, in the Battle of Inkerman in November 1854 and in the Siege of Sevastopol in winter 1854.
Sergeant John Park and Private Alexander Wright were awarded the Victoria Cross for their actions during the Crimean war.
The regiment returned home in July 1856.
4. EDMUND LORD LYONS ADMIRAL MEMORIAL
South Transept West Aisle
Admiral Edmund Lyons, 1st Baron Lyons GCB, GCMG, KCH (21 November 1790 – 23 November 1858) was an eminent British Admiral of the Royal Navy, and an eminent British diplomat. He was Commander-in-Chief of the Mediterranean Fleet.
Lyons’s contribution to the Crimean War was imperative to the allied success. He was largely responsible, at the allied council of war, for the decision to attempt the operation. He transported the British Army to the Crimea and subsequently ensured its supplies and supported it militarily on land, where he led assaults, including the Kerch operation. He took part in the Siege of Taganrog, in the Siege of Sevastopol and in the Battle of Kinburn.His friendship with Lord Raglan enabled the coordination of the British Army and Navy, the officers of both of which were endeared to his charisma.
His awards fort he Crimean war are:
Lyons’s contribution to the Crimean War was imperative to the allied success. He was largely responsible, at the allied council of war, for the decision to attempt the operation. He transported the British Army to the Crimea and subsequently ensured its supplies and supported it militarily on land, where he led assaults, including the Kerch operation. He took part in the Siege of Taganrog, in the Siege of Sevastopol and in the Battle of Kinburn.His friendship with Lord Raglan enabled the coordination of the British Army and Navy, the officers of both of which were endeared to his charisma.
His awards fort he Crimean war are:
- 1855 – Knight Grand Cross of the Military Division of the Order of the Bath (Great Britain)
- Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (Great Britain)
- 1855 – Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Medjidie, 1st Class (Ottoman Empire)
- Knight Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour (France)
- 1856 – Knight Grand Cross of the Military Order of Savoy (Italy)
- 1856 – Baron (Great Britain)
5. MEMORIAL FOR CAPTAIN EDWARD MOWBRAY LYONS
Third bay from west, South nave aisle
SACRED TO THE MEMORY OF
CAPTAIN EDWARD MOWBRAY LYONS, ROYAL NAVY
SON OF REAR ADMIRAL SIR EDMUND LYONS BART. C.C.B., K.C.M
COMMANDER IN CHIEF OF HER MAJESTY'S FORCES IN THE BLACK SEA AND MEDITERRANEAN, UNDER WHOSE ORDERS HE ENGAGED THE BATTERİES OF SEVASTAPOL [SİC] IN HIS H M S MİRANDA
ON THE 18TH OF JUNE 1855 AND THERE WAS MORTALLY WOUNDED HAVING JUST RETURNED FIRE FROM THE COMMAND
OF THE SQUADRON IN THE SEA OF AZOV WHERE HIS BRILLIANT SUCCESSES WERE WARMLY ACKNOWLEDGED BY HIS SOVEREIGN
WHO “MOURNED HIS LOSS AS ONE WHO WAS SO BRIGHT AN ORNAMENT TO THE NAVY”
CUT OFF IN THE PRIME OF LIFE THE PATH TO EARTHLY HONOURS OPENING BEFORE HIM.
HE DIED AS A HERO AND A CHRISTIAN SHOULD DIE.
THIS TABLET IS ERECTED IN DEPEST GRIEF BY THE OFFICERS AND SHIP'S COMPANY OF H M S MIRANDA
WHO HAD SERVED UNDER HIM IN THE SEA OF AZOV AND WHO LOVED AND REVERED HIM
POSSESSING AS HE DID EVERY MANLY ATTRIBUTE EVERY ENDURING QUALITY.
HE DIED ON THE 23RD OF JUNE 1855. AGED 36.
CAPTAIN EDWARD MOWBRAY LYONS, ROYAL NAVY
SON OF REAR ADMIRAL SIR EDMUND LYONS BART. C.C.B., K.C.M
COMMANDER IN CHIEF OF HER MAJESTY'S FORCES IN THE BLACK SEA AND MEDITERRANEAN, UNDER WHOSE ORDERS HE ENGAGED THE BATTERİES OF SEVASTAPOL [SİC] IN HIS H M S MİRANDA
ON THE 18TH OF JUNE 1855 AND THERE WAS MORTALLY WOUNDED HAVING JUST RETURNED FIRE FROM THE COMMAND
OF THE SQUADRON IN THE SEA OF AZOV WHERE HIS BRILLIANT SUCCESSES WERE WARMLY ACKNOWLEDGED BY HIS SOVEREIGN
WHO “MOURNED HIS LOSS AS ONE WHO WAS SO BRIGHT AN ORNAMENT TO THE NAVY”
CUT OFF IN THE PRIME OF LIFE THE PATH TO EARTHLY HONOURS OPENING BEFORE HIM.
HE DIED AS A HERO AND A CHRISTIAN SHOULD DIE.
THIS TABLET IS ERECTED IN DEPEST GRIEF BY THE OFFICERS AND SHIP'S COMPANY OF H M S MIRANDA
WHO HAD SERVED UNDER HIM IN THE SEA OF AZOV AND WHO LOVED AND REVERED HIM
POSSESSING AS HE DID EVERY MANLY ATTRIBUTE EVERY ENDURING QUALITY.
HE DIED ON THE 23RD OF JUNE 1855. AGED 36.
6. MONUMENT TO CAPTAIN HENRY LANGHORNE THOMPSON
Crypta
Henry Langhorne Thompson (1829–1856), was born at Clumber Park, on 21 September 1829.
On 20 Aug. 1846 he was appointed to the 68th Bengal native infantry, and on 12 Feb. 1850 was promoted lieutenant. He took part in the second Burmese war in 1852 and 1853 and he received the Pegu medal.
In 1854 he volunteered in the Turkish army, received the rank of major, and, after visiting the Crimea, arrived to Kars in March 1855. Under the command of Colonel Williams (afterwards Sir William Fenwick Williams) he gave important assistance in strengthening the fortifications of the city. He distinguished himself in repelling the Russian assault on 29 Sept., crushing the Russian columns by his fire.
His bravery won the admiration of the besiegers, and, on the surrender of Kars in November, Mouravieff, the Russian commander, returned him his sword.
On 9 November he was appointed captain unattached in the British army; on 7 February 1856 he received the third class of the Turkish order of Medijie; and on 10 May was nominated an honorary C.B. He died on 13 June 1856, immediately after his return from Russia, where he had been detained a prisoner of war.
This mural tablet was erected to his memory in St. Paul's Cathedral by public subscription.
7. MEMORIAL FOR MAJOR GENERAL SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY TORRENS
Sculpted marble wall panel carved in high relief with a battle scene. In the center Torrens is shown in them midst of battle on horseback. In the left and right are groups of soldiers with bayonets. At the lower left is a slain man on a riverbank on which is the memorial inscription.
TO
THE MEMORY
OF MAJOR GENERAL
SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY
TORRENS
K.C.B.
MORTALLY WOUNDED
AT THE BATTLE OF INKERMANN
DIED
AUGUST 24TH.1855.
AGED 46.
THE MEMORY
OF MAJOR GENERAL
SIR ARTHUR WELLESLEY
TORRENS
K.C.B.
MORTALLY WOUNDED
AT THE BATTLE OF INKERMANN
DIED
AUGUST 24TH.1855.
AGED 46.
Sir Arthur Wellesley Torrens (1809–1855) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator. He reached the rank of major-general.
Torrens passed through the Royal Military College, Sandhurst and became lieutenant on 14 April 1825.
In the Crimean War, Torrens was nominated a brigadier-general to command an infantry brigade. He joined the 4th Infantry Division under Sir George Cathcart at Varna. He was at the head of his brigade both at the Battle of Alma and at the Battle of Balaklava. On the morning of 5 November 1854, at the Battle of Inkermann, under the direction of Cathcart, he attacked the left flank of the Russian forces, his horse falling under him, pierced by five bullets, and was praised by Cathcart just before his mortal wound. He was struck by a bullet that passed through his body, injured a lung and splintered a rib.
Torrens was invalided home. He received the Crimea medal and clasp, the thanks of Parliament, was promoted to be a major-general for distinguished service in the field on 12 December 1854.
On 2 April 1855 Torrens was appointed deputy quartermaster-general at headquarters, and on 25 June the same year was sent as a major-general on the staff to Paris as British military commissioner; but his health broke down, and he died in Paris on 24 August 1855. He was buried in the cemetery of Père-Lachaise.
8. MEMORIAL TO FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
Nelson Chamber's East Bay of the crypt
It is a sculpted marble and alabaster wall memorial with relief of Florence Nightingale holding a glass of water at her right hand and tilted over a bedridden wounded soldier with bandaged head. This memorial is the work of the famous English sculptor and painter Arthur George Walker (1861-1939) and was created in 1916. A G Walker was a Royal Academician (R.A.).
At the top of the alabaster frame, there is the following inscription;
BLESSED ARE THE MERCIFUL
and in the bottom of the frame it is written
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE. O.M.
BORN MAY 12TH 1820 - DIED AUGUST 13TH 1910
BORN MAY 12TH 1820 - DIED AUGUST 13TH 1910
This is not her tomb as she was buried in her family tomb in East Wellow, Hampshire
Address:
St. Paul's Churchyard, London EC4M 8AD